July 13 
1836: John Ruggles received patent #1 from the U.S. Patent Office for a traction wheel used in locomotive steam engines, under a new system for numbering patents. 1897: Guglielmo Marconi received U.S. patent #586,193 for a wireless telegraph. 1919: The first lighter-than-air transatlantic flight was completed by airship R-34. 1921: Gabriel Lippmann, who produced the first color photographic plate, died. 1944: Ernő Rubik, inventor of the Rubik's Cube, was born. 1969: Russia launched the unmanned Luna 15 to the Moon. 1947: Europe accepted the Marshall Plan to aid European recovery following WWII. 1977: A lightning-induced power failure blacked out New York City for 25 hours, during which time about 4,500 rioters were arrested and $61M damage was done. 1978: Lee Iacocca was fired as president of Ford Motor Company by chairman Henry Ford 2nd. 1995: The Galileo spacecraft released a probe towards Jupiter that is to become the first Earth emissary ever to penetrate the atmosphere of any of the outer gas giants. |