Day in Engineering History Archive - October 31

Day in Engineering History October 31 Archive - RF CafeOctober 31

Narinder Singh Kapany Born - "Father of Fiber Optics" -  Please click here to visit RF Cafe.1926: Indian native Narinder Singh Kapany, "the father of fiber optics," was born. 1930: American astronaut Michael Collins (born in Rome), who piloted the Apollo 11 command module, was born. 1940: John Renshaw Carson, developer of the Carson Rule of FM, BW = 2(Δf + fm), died. 1941: Mount Rushmore was completed, with carved heads of U.S. presidents Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt. 1941: The U.S. Navy destroyer "Reuben James" was torpedoed by a German U-boat off Iceland (115 dead), even though the U.S. had not yet entered World War II. 1956: Rear Admiral George Dufek became the first person to land an airplane (R4D Skytrain Que Sera Sera) at the South Pole. 1992: The Vatican admitted erring in formally condemning Galileo Galilei for declaring scientific truths such as the Earth revolves around the sun, which the Roman Catholic Church long denounced as anti-scriptural heresy. 2005: Two new moons were found orbiting Pluto (back when it was a planet).

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Note: These historical tidbits have been collected from various sources, mostly on the Internet. As detailed in this article, there is a lot of wrong information that is repeated hundreds of times because most websites do not validate with authoritative sources. On RF Cafe, events with hyperlinks have been verified. Many years ago, I began commemorating the birthdays of notable people and events with special RF Cafe logos. Where available, I like to use images from postage stamps from the country where the person or event occurred. Images used in the logos are often from open source websites like Wikipedia, and are specifically credited with a hyperlink back to the source where possible. Fair Use laws permit small samples of copyrighted content.