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Espresso Engineering Workbook™
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Apothecary, Avoirdupois & Unusual Conversions |
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Apothecary is a
historical name for a medical professional who formulates and dispenses materia medica to physicians, surgeons and
patients — a role now served by a pharmacist (or, especially in British English, a chemist or dispensing chemist).
The avoirdupois system is a system of weights (or, properly, mass) based on a pound of sixteen ounces. It is the
everyday system of weight used in the United States, and is still widely used to varying degrees by many people in
Ireland, Canada, the United Kingdom, and some other former English colonies despite the official adoption of the
metric system. - Wikipedia
These apothecary, avoirdupois, and other unusual units and conversion factors are not typically found in
engineering work, but are still fairly common in some fields like medicine. Now, finding a contemporary
application for the scruple or the chain is highly unlikely, but if you ever need them or any other of these
strange measures, well, you know where to go now. Dry measures, liquid measures, solid measures and others are
mixed in.
| 1 pound (Av) |
453.592 g |
| 1 pound (Ap) |
373.242 g |
| 1 ounce (Av) |
28.35 g |
| 1 ounce (Ap) |
31.10 g, 480 grains |
| 15 grains |
1 g |
| 10 grains |
600 mg |
| 7 1/2 grains |
500 mg |
| 5 grains |
300 mg |
| 1 1/2 grains |
100 mg |
| 1 grain |
64.79891 mg |
| 1 pound |
0.45 kg |
| 1000 mcg |
300 to 7000 iu (see right) |
| 1 scruple |
1.2 g, 20 grains |
| 1 gal |
3785 ml, 4 qts, 0.833 Imp gal |
| 1 pt |
473.18 ml |
| 1 fl oz |
29.57 ml |
| 1 cc |
1 gm, 1 ml |
| 1 minim |
1 drop, 0.0616 ml |
| 1 tsp |
5 ml |
| 1 tsp |
15 ml |
| 1 stone |
6.35 kg |
| 1 dram |
3 scruples |
| 1 hundredweight |
100 lbs |
| 1 ton |
2000 lbs |
| 1 long ton |
2240 lbs |
| 1 pt |
4 gills |
| 1 hogshead |
63 gallons |
| 1 pipe or butt |
2 hogsheads |
| 1 tun |
2 pipes |
| 1 mile |
320 rods |
| 1 peck |
2 gallons |
| 1 bushel |
4 pecks |
| 1 fathom |
6 ft, 2 yds |
| 1 furlong |
1/8 mile, 660 ft, 220 yds |
| 1 league |
3 mi, 24 furlongs |
| 1 chain |
100 links, 22 yds |
| 1 acre |
43560 sq ft, 0.40 hectare, 10 sq chains |
| 1 sq rod |
625 sq links |
| 1 square |
100 sq ft |
| 1 board ft |
144 cu in |
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| Ap = Apothecary |
mg = milligram |
| Av = Avoirdupois |
g = gram |
| mcg = microgram |
kg = kilogram |
| gal = gallon |
ml = milliliter |
| fl oz = fluid ounce |
qt = quart |
| gr = grain |
gtts = drops |
| sc = scruple |
st = stone |
| l or L = liter |
oz = ounce |
| ft = foot |
pt = pint |
| in = inch |
lb = pound |
| yd = yard |
cc = cubic centimeters |
| mi = mile |
Imp gal = Imperial gallon |
| m = meter |
dr = drachm = drachma = dram |
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| Vitamin A, 1 i.u. = 0.3µg retinol, 3.6µg b-carotene, or 7.2µg other
vitamin A carotenoids Vitamin D, 1 i.u. = 0.025µg cholecalciferol Vitamin E, 1 i.u. = 0.67µg natural
a-tocopherol (other conversion factors used for other forms of vitamin E) |
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