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Terms of Use |
Created by: Kirt Blattenberger (the registered business name in North Carolina),
owner and webmaster of the RF Cafe website (https://www.rfcafe.com)
RF Cascade Workbook™ is protected by United States copyright law. Unauthorized
copying, alteration, or distribution of this spreadsheet is prohibited by law. As
a lawful owner of a RF Cascade Workbook™ user license, you are permitted to make
modifications for your unique application; however, this workbook may not be modified
and distributed or sold as a new product.
Please visit the RF Cafe website to submit payment for RF Cascade Workbook™.
Payment may be made via the PayPal(tm) online credit card system, or via cash or
check using the mailing address provided on the RFCafe.com website.
Disclaimer: RF Cascade Workbook™
is offered AS IS. Your use of RF Cascade Workbook™ implies you alone accept
responsibility for results obtained through its use, and will hold harmless Kirt
Blattenberger, RF Cafe, and all legal assigns for any losses incurred through its
use. RF Cascade Workbook™ has been tested very thoroughly, and there are
no known problems at the time of this release. Discrepancies that affect accurate
results, if discovered, will be fixed ASAP and a replacement version will be provided
at no cost. Also, any and all User modifications to
RF Cascade Workbook™ - other than entering values in the provided Unlocked
cells, negates any and all responsibility by RF Cafe for the integrity of the software.
Unprotecting a worksheet negates responsibility by RF Cafe.
Thank you for your support. Your contributions help keep RF Cafe online.
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Inserting or deleting rows and columns |
If columns are inserted or deleted for increasing or decreasing, respectively,
the number of components, be sure to properly copy and paste formulas per published
Excel standards so that preceding and/or succeeding calculations are continuous;
otherwise, calculation flow will be lost and the results will be incorrect.
A guide for properly inserting/deleting columns and/or rows can be found on the
RFCafe.com website. After inserting or deleting columns or rows, be sure to validate
results before using RF Cascade Workbook™ for critical work.
https://www.rfcafe.com/business/software/rf-cascade-workbook-2018/rf-cascade-workbook-2018-insert-delete-columns.htm
DO NOT for any reason insert a component column to the left of the first or last
component column, or to the right of the first two component columns. Doing so will
not permit proper copying of formula cells and results will be invalid.
Consider instead hiding component columns you do not want displayed on the charts
rather than deleting the columns. Results from component parameters in hidden columns
will still be included in the overall calculations, but will not appear in the charts.
See instruction provided in Excel to hide/unhide columns.
If you add or delete rows, be careful not to affect any of the rows occupied
by original RF Cascade Workbook 2018 cells. Doing so will likely invalidate calculations.
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Note to RF Cascade Workbook 2018 users regarding calculated system Max and Min
values |
Calculated Max and Min values for NF, OIP2, OIP3, and OP1dB in RF Cascade
Workbook™ (RFCW™) may by your choice use either just the GainNom values, OR
the GainMax and GainMin values per the RF Cascade Workbook™ (RFCW™) method. Using
the GainMax and GainMin values calculates the absolute worst case values for NF,
OIP2, OIP3, and P1dB, but some people only want the results of the component itself
being at a Max or Min value (using just nominal gain) rather than having every component
in the system is at the extreme edge of a tolerance. Therefore, if you have a system
defined for a version of RFCW and enter it identically in WSD™, the calculated Max
and Min values will only match the RFCW™ values if you set all four options in the
"Use Gain Max|Min for NF, OIP2, OIP3, and OP1dB Max|Min calcs?" area to "Yes."
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Change cell formats with user-defined Styles |
Cell Styles are defined by name using the built-in Excel feature. Doing so allows
you to change the style of all similar cell types (Param Titles, User Input, Section
Titles, etc.) in one place and have that style automatically be applied to all cells
using that definition. It is similar to using a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) in HTML
web page design.
You may redefine any or all cells to suit your preference. Note that it might
be necessary to turn off Worksheet Protection to do so (be sure to turn it back
on afterward).
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Drop-down menus |
Always use drop-down menus when provided for selecting options. Doing so prevents
the conditional statements in formulas from misinterpreting your selection.
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Change cell formats with user-defined Styles |
Cell Styles are defined by name using the built-in Excel feature. Doing so allows
you to change the style of all similar cell types (Param Titles, User Input, Section
Titles, etc.) in one place and have that style automatically be applied to all cells
using that definition. It is similar to using a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) in HTML
web page design.
You may redefine any or all cells to suit your preference. Note that it might
be necessary to turn off Worksheet Protection to do so (be sure to turn it back
on afterward).
You can also change the worksheet background if you do not like the one provided.
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Set printable area |
Control over what area of the worksheet will print is available with the Set
Print Area feature. These instructions work for Excel 2007, but your version might
be slightly different.
1) Go to the worksheet whose print area you want set
2) Use the cursor to highlight the area to be printed
3) Menu selection: "File"->"Print Area"->"Set Print Area"
4) Use Print Preview to verify selection
To force entire selection area to print on a single sheet
1) Menu selection: "File"->"Page Setup..."
2) Select the "Page" tab
3) In the "Scaling" area, set to fit 1 page(s) wide by 1 page(s) tall
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Worksheet Protection |
As provided, only the "Start," "Help," and "Revision History" worksheets are
locked and cannot be unlocked. All cells in the "System Definition" page except
those designated for user input (light and medium blue background) are formatted
as "Locked" in order to prevent accidently overwriting cells with formulas, labels,
and drop-down menus, etc. However, Worksheet Protection is not enabled as supplied,
so I do recommend that you use the "Protect Worksheet" function on the "System Definition"
worksheet.
Lock the protected cells by selecting the "Protect Sheet" option provided by
Excel. Unlock protected cells by selecting the "Unprotect Sheet" option provided
by Excel. (do an Internet search on Excel worksheet protection if you are not familiar
with it)
The following Protection is implemented in RF Cascade Workbook™:
• "Start" Worksheet: Protection enabled and cannot be Unprotected by the user.
• "System Definition" Worksheet: Protection not enabled as provided, but it can
be Protected (recommended) by the user. - a password is not required
when enabling Protection (leave the "Password" field
blank if desired) - Important !!! When enabling Protection, be
certain to check off the "Edit objects" box or Macros
will not run !!!
• "Help" Worksheet: Protection enabled and cannot be Unprotected by the user.
• "Icons" Worksheet: Protection enabled, but it can be Unprotected by the user
(no password is set, none is required).
• "Revision History" Worksheet: Protection enabled and cannot be Unprotected
by the user. • VBA (Developer) Code: Protection not enabled as provided, but it
can be Protected by the user."
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Reset row heights with AutoFit |
Click button to have Excel's "AutoFit Row Height" function readjust rows to their
standard heights.
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Mouseover comments |
Extensive use of mouseover comments is provided in order to give instant help
with most properties and functions in RF Cascade Workbook™. This 'Help'
worksheet contains the text of the mouseover comments, along with additional information.
Turn comments On or Off in the Excel Options screen.
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Notes: |
1) Most of the cells in the RF Cascade Workbook™ workbook are locked
to prevent accidental overwriting of formulas and/or references used by the VBA
macro code (see notes above on Protection). Use the built-in "Protect Sheet" and
"Unprotect Sheet" menu selections. Be sure to relock the worksheet to prevent accidental
overwriting (you may use your own password, but none is required).
2) Use the Excel "Cell Styles" function to globally change the background color
and font style. You can delete the background image after Unprotecting the worksheet.
3) The following convention is used when referring to ordered components in cascaded
calculations: A lower case "n" indicates an individual component parameter and an
upper case "N" indicates the cumulative cascaded value. Both "n" and "N" are the
numbered order in the cascade, beginning at the input with the first stage being
(n=N=1), the second being (n=N=2), etc.
Using gain as an example: Gain[n] is the individual component's gain, Gain[n-1]
is the previous component's gain, and Gain[n+1] is the succeeding component's gain.
Similarly, GainNom[N] is the cumulative cascaded nominal gain up to and including
that of component Gain[n].
4) The following convention is used with cascaded parameter formulas: Parameter
names beginning with an upper case letter indicate a decibel unit value; e.g. NF[N]
has units of dB and Psig[N] has units of dBm. Parameter names beginning with a lower
case letter indicate a linear unit value; e.g. nf[N] is a ratio and psig[N] has
units of milliwatts.
5) The absolute value of a parameter is indicated with the traditional vertical
lines: |value| = ABS(value).
6) Units are indicated by curly brackets {dB, dBm, V, etc.}.
7) OIP2, OIP3, OP1dB, and OPmax parameters are always referenced to the component
output. Allowing an option for either input- or output-referenced values creates
an opportunity for errors. For convenience, input-referenced equivalent values are
calculated for the specified output-referenced values.
Convert between input- and output-referenced values as follows:
IOIP2 = OOIP2 -
Gain,
OOIP2 = IOIP2 + Gain
IOIP3 = OOIP3 -
Gain,
OOIP3 = IOIP3 + Gain
IOP1dB = OOP1dB
- Gain + 1, OOP1dB = IOP1dB + Gain - 1
OPmaxLimited has no equivalent
input-referenced value
8) Cascaded GainMin and GainMax values, and formulas that reference them, depend
on whether or not "Use VSWR" is selected.
9) The term "cumulative" as used herein refers to the results of cascaded calculations
on a stage-by-stage, component-by-component basis.
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Navigation |
Move around the worksheet by using the "Navigation" drop-down lists to select
the area of interest.
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Chart Size/Position |
All the charts are stacked on top of each other, with the top chart being the
one selected by the "Select Chart" drop-down list.
Left: This is where the left edge of the charts stack is positioned.
Top: This is where the top edge of the charts stack is positioned.
Width: This is overall width of the charts stack.
Height: This is overall height of the charts stack.
Left | Top | Width | Height >= 10 {approximate size in pixels}
If the stack becomes misaligned due to user actions or due to editing of size
and/or position numbers, click "Re-align Charts" button to resize and reposition
them all uniformly. The original format has each stage's output in the center of
the related cell; you might prefer to align outputs with the right side of the cells
to indicate the value represented at the output of the stage.
Note: If you add a new chart to the "System Definition" worksheet and then click
the "Re-align Charts button, it will most likely disappear somewhere in the stack
beneath the others. It will not be added to the drop-down list for bringing to the
top (that is a function provided by the VBA code, which is not User-accessible).
Your best option is to modify an existing chart that is in the list, or if you must
create a new chart, place it on a separate page so it will not be included in the
re-alignment and resizing action.
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Select Chart |
All the charts are stacked on top of each other, with the top chart being the
one selected by the "Select Chart" drop-down list.
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Pin {dBm} |
The system input signal power. It can represent a single tone or a distribution
of signals across the system noise bandwidth.
-§Power{dBm} <= Pin <= §Power{dBm}
§Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
Thermal noise power at 25 °C (room temperature) in a 1 Hz bandwidth, is -174
dBm. 1 gigawatt is +120 dBm.
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Ambient Temp. {°C} |
The ambient system temperature used for noise power calculations.
-273.15 <= Temp <= 200 {°C}
-273.15 °C is absolute zero. 200 °C is 1,832 °F. Room temperature is typically
defined as 25 °C.
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Minimum SNR {dB} |
The minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) used for calculating the dynamic range
(DR).
-100 <= Min SNR <= 100 {dB}
Negative SNR values are permitted because signal processing can use wideband
signals below the noise floor; e.g., with spread spectrum.
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Include VSWR Error
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Use the provided in-cell drop-down box to make your selection. "Yes" causes
the VSWR amplitude error of each component interface to be added to the cascaded
GainMin and GainMax values.
"No" ignores VSWR amplitude errors.
Except where noted, all Max and Min cascaded calculations that depend on the
Gain value will be affected by this setting.
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Frequency Units |
Use the provided in-cell drop-down menu to select frequency units. These units
are used for all frequency-dependent calculations, including noise power.
Options: Hz, kHz, MHz, GHz, THz
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Icons |
Copy and paste icons from the "Icons" worksheet (click on tab), or create your
own icons and paste them in.
Uniformly arrange icons by doing the following:
- Use the Select Objects tool (Find & Select toolbar menu) to drag the cursor
around the row of icons. Alternatively, select the first icon with the left mouse
button, then hold down the Control key while left-clicking all the other icons.
- Under the Page Layout | Align drop-down menu, click on Align Middle, and then
click on Distribute Horizontally.
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"Icons" Worksheet |
Standard icon size is 58 pixels wide by 32 pixels high. You can make them any
size you like, however, and you can create your own custom icons and store them
on the worksheet.
Clicking the "Center Icons" button will position all icons on the worksheet inside
the center of the cell where the upper left corners of the icons are located. If
you click the button and an icon seems to have disappeared, it is probably sitting
on top of the icon above and/or to the left of the cell where it should be (due
to your having inadvertently positioned its top left corner in the wrong cell).
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Component Name |
The names entered here are reflected at the tops of all other component input
and calculation areas.
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Recommended no-effect (null) values for "empty" component stages
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The following values are recommended for filling empty component stages so that
they have no appreciable effect on the cascade calculations of populated stages.
Your specific application might require other values, however.
Component Specifications
Gain {dB} = 0
NF {dB} = 0
OIP2 {dBm} = +249
OIP3 {dBm} = +249
OP1dB {dBm} = +249
Opmax {dBm} = +249
Input RL {dB} = 50
Output RL {dB} = 50
Filter Specifications
Filter Pass Type = ---
Filter X-fer Function = ---
Filter Order (N) = leave blank
Filter Ripple (N) = leave blank
Upper Cutoff {Freq. Units} = leave blank
Lower Cutoff {Freq. Units} = leave blank
NBW to Use {Freq. Units} = 999999
Mixer|Lo Specifications
LO Frequency {Freq. Units} = leave blank
Sideband (L,U) = ---
Trial Input Freq. {Freq. Units} = leave blank
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Gain {dB} |
The component's nominal gain (Gain) value. Gain is positive if the component
increases signal strength, and is negative if it decreases signal strength.
-§Decibels{dB} <= Gain <= §Decibels{dB}
§Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
Note: When Gain is negative, the NF should be set equal to the absolute value
of Gain. A red "NF" warning is displayed in the component's Status cell if it is
not.
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±Gain {dB} |
The component's maximum gain variation (±Gain) relative to nominal.
-§Decibels{dB} <= ±Gain <= §Decibels{dB}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
A negative value causes the gain variation to add to cumulative GainMax and GainMin
values in the opposite direction.
Note: When Gain is negative, ±NF should be set to the absolute value of ±Gain.
A red "±" warning is displayed in the component's Status cell if it is not.
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NF {dB} |
The component's nominal noise figure (NF) value.
-§Decibels{dB} <= NF <= §Decibels{dB}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
Note: When Gain is negative, the NF should be set equal to the absolute value
of Gain. A red "NF" warning is displayed in the component's Status cell if it is
not.
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±NF {dB} |
The component's maximum noise figure variation (±NF) relative to the nominal.
-§Decibels{dB} <= ±NF <= §Decibels{dB}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
A negative value causes the NF variation to add to cumulative NFMax and NFMin
values in the opposite direction.
Note: When Gain is negative, ±NF should be set to the absolute value of ±Gain.
A red "±" warning is displayed in the component's Status cell if it is not.
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OIP2 {dBm} |
The component's nominal output 2nd-order intercept point (OIP2) value.
-§Power{dBm} <= OIP2 <= §Power{dBm}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
Note: Using a large value (e.g., 200) for unspecified components helps prevent
them from affecting the cascade calculation; however, the y-axis scale (set to Auto
by default) will squash to where smaller values cannot be distinguished. Set the
y-axis scale to a Maximum of whatever your highest expected OIP2 value is to prevent
squashing.
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±OIP2 {dB} |
The component's maximum OIP2 variation (±OIP2) relative to nominal.
-§Power{dBm} <= ±OIP2 <= §Power{dBm}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
A negative value causes the gain variation to add to cumulative OIP2Max and OIP2Min
values in the opposite direction.
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IIP2 {dBm} |
The component's nominal input 2nd-order intercept point (IIP2) value.
IIP2 = OIP2 - Gain {dBm}
Note: This is a calculated value and cannot be edited.
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OIP3 {dBm} |
The component's nominal output 3rd-order intercept point (OIP3) value.
-§Power{dBm} <= OIP3 <= §Power{dBm}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
Note: Using a large value (e.g., 200) for unspecified components helps prevent
them from affecting the cascade calculation; however, the y-axis scale (set to Auto
by default) will squash to where smaller values cannot be distinguished. Set the
y-axis scale to a Maximum of whatever your highest expected OIP3 value is to prevent
squashing.
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±OIP3 {dB} |
The component's maximum OIP3 variation (±OIP3) relative to the nominal.
-§Power{dBm} <= ±OIP3 <= §Power{dBm}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
A negative value causes the OIP3 variation to add in the opposite direction.
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IIP3 {dBm} |
The component's nominal input 3rd-order intercept point (IIP3) value.
IIP3 = OIP3 - Gain {dBm}
Note: This is a calculated value and cannot be edited.
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OP1dB {dBm} |
The component's nominal output 1 dB compression point (OP1dB) value.
-§Power{dBm} <= ±OP1dB <= §Power{dBm}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
OP1dB is sometimes referred to as the "Blocking Power."
The formula used to calculate cascaded OP1dB is 'approximate' (same format as
the OIP3 calculation), so be aware that the answer is not as exact as with NF, OIP2
and OIP3. The reason is that transition from linear to nonlinear regions is highly
device-dependent.
Note: Using a large value (e.g., 200) for unspecified components helps prevent
them from affecting the cascade calculation; however, the y-axis scale (set to Auto
by default) will squash to where smaller values cannot be distinguished. Set the
y-axis scale to a Maximum of whatever your highest expected OP1dB value is to prevent
squashing.
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±OP1dB {dB} |
The component's maximum OP1dB variation (±OP1dB) relative to nominal.
-§Power{dBm} <= ±P1dB <= §Power{dBm}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
A negative value causes the gain variation to add to cumulative OP1dBMax and
OP1dBMin values in the opposite direction.
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IP1dB {dBm} |
The component's nominal input 1 dB compression point (IP1dB) value.
IP1dB = OP1dB - (Gain - 1) {dBm}
Note: This is a calculated value and cannot be edited.
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OPmax {dBm} |
A conditional flag for the allowable maximum output power (OPmax) of the component.
It is used to alert you to an excess power condition. OPmax is typically greater
than OP1dB, but it does not have to be.
-§Power{dBm} <= OPmax <= §Power{dBm}
§=Defined in the "Min/Max Component Definition Limits" area.
The OPmaxLimited[N] cascaded output power of each component is limited to OPmax[n].
If OPmaxLimited[N-1] + Gain[n] + ±Gain[n] would result in output power >= OPmax[n],
then the new cascaded OPmaxLimited[N] is set equal to OPmax[n]. Otherwise, the new
OPmaxLimited[N] is equal to OPmaxLimited[N-1] + Gain[n] + ±Gain[n].
** OPmax does not affect the linear cascaded calculations - it is only a flag
for an overpower condition. It sets a system output power limit to what it would
be if any component(s) is(are) saturated at the output. A red "Pwr" flag will appear
in the Status cell for the component to alert you to the condition.
Note: Using a large value (e.g., 200) for unspecified components helps prevent
them from affecting the cascade calculation; however, the y-axis scale (set to Auto
by default) will squash to where smaller values cannot be distinguished. Set the
y-axis scale to a Maximum of whatever your highest expected Pmax value is to prevent
squashing.
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Status |
Tests for invalid parameter specifications.
"Pwr" indicates the component's output power >= the OPmax value.
"NF" indicates that when Gain is negative, NF is not equal to ABS |Gain| and/or
±NF is not equal to ABS |±Gain|.
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Input RL {dB} |
The component's Input Return Loss (Input RL).
0.001 <= InputRL <= 100 {dB}
RL = -20 * log [(1-VSWR) / (1+VSWR)]
VSWR mismatch error values are handled according to the "Use VSWR" cell.
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Output RL {dB} |
The component's output Return Loss (output RL).
0.001 <= OutputRL <= 100 {dB}
RL = -20 * log [(1-VSWR) / (1+VSWR)]
VSWR mismatch error values are handled according to the "Use VSWR" cell.
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User Parameters 1 & 2 |
Enter a custom parameter of any type (numerical, text, etc.). It can be used
in the "Calculated Cascaded System Parameters (non frequency-dependent)" section
and/or the "Calculated Cascaded System Parameters (frequency-dependent)" section
with your custom equations. Separate charts are provided for User Parameters 1 &
2. -1E16 <= User1|User2 <= 1E16 {units}
It is up to you to properly input all data and equations to obtain valid results
since there is no way "Wireless Systems Designer" can decide what is valid.
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Decibel {dB} |
This is the largest value (positive or negative) gain value {dB} that can be
used to specify a component parameter. Attempting to input a larger number will
cause the data Validation tester to report a violation.
-1000 <= GainLimit <= 1000 {dB}
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Power {dBm} |
This is the largest value (positive or negative) power value {dBm} that can be
used to specify a component parameter. Attempting to input a larger number will
cause the data Validation tester to report a violation.
-1000 <= PowerLimit <= 1000 {dBm}
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fUpper {Freq. Units} |
This is the highest frequency to be used for calculating filter responses.
fLower < fUpper <= 10e12 {Freq. Units}
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fLower {Freq. Units} |
This is the lowest frequency to be used for calculating filter responses.
10E-12 <= fLower < fUpper {Freq. Units}
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Step Size |
176 frequency points between fLower and fUpper, inclusive, are used for calculating
the frequency response.
StepSize = (fUpper - fLower)/175 {Freq, Units}
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Frequency Units |
Use the in-cell drop-down menu to select the frequency units used to calculate
system noise values. The selected Frequency Units are displayed along with all frequency
values.
Frequency Units:
THz (10E12 Hz)
GHz (10E9 Hz)
MHz (10E6 Hz)
kHz (10E3 Hz)
Hz (1 Hz)
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Min/Max Power/Stage |
This value places a limit on the minimum and/or maximum power level output for
each component stage during calculations, thereby preventing data points that cause
chart autoscaling to compress the plot. For instance, a frequency many decades outside
the passband of a bandpass filter could easily be -500 dBm, but that is an insane
value to include on a chart. Specifying, say, 200 dBm, for Min/Max Power/Stage changes
a calculated power from -500 dBm to -200 dBm.
0 <= Min/Max Power/Stage <= 1000 {dBm}
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Filter Pass Type |
Standard ideal filter transfer functions are used. In-cell drop-down box has
the following choices:
--- (no filter) | Highpass | Bandpass | Bandstop (aka Notch) | Lowpass
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Filter X-fer Function |
Standard ideal filter formulas are used. In-cell drop-down box has the following
choices:
--- (no filter) | Brickwall | Butterworth | Chebyshev
Brickwall filters exhibit 0 dB attenuation within the passband and infinite attenuation
outside the passband.
Butterworth is called "maximally flat" because it has the greatest out-of-band
attenuation while having no ripple in the passband. It has relatively low group
delay at the band edges.
Chebyshev is called "equiripple" because it has equal amplitude ripple in the
passband with high out-of-band attenuation that depends on the amplitude of the
inband ripple (higher ripple = higher attenuation). It has relatively high group
delay at the band edges (higher ripple = higher group delay).
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Filter Order = N |
Although integer values for Filter Order are typical since each inductor and
capacitor in the lowpass prototype adds to the total for 'N,' you can enter non-integer
values for the sake of modeling.
2 <= Order <= 25
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Filter Ripple {dB} |
Used only with the Chebyshev filter transfer function.
0.001 <= Ripple <= 10 {dB}
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Upper Cutoff {Freq. Units} |
Used with the lowpass, bandpass, and bandstop filters. 1E-12 <= fHigh <=
1E12 {Freq. Units}
AND fHigh > fLow
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Lower Cutoff {Freq. Units} |
Used with the highpass, bandpass, and bandstop filters.
1E-12 <= fLow <= 1E12 {Freq. Units}
AND fLow < fHigh
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fCenter {Freq. Units} |
Used with bandpass and bandstop filters. This is the calculated arithmetic center
frequency (not editable), used to make it easy to relate it to the band edges.
fCenter = (LowerCutoff + UpperCutoff) / 2 {Freq. Units}
The geometric center frequency, which is where the mathematical center of the
band lies, is:
fCenter = Sqrt (LowerCutoff * UpperCutoff) 2 {Freq. Units}
This is the frequency at which, for the Butterworth filter and odd-order Chebyshev
filter the insertion loss of an ideal filter is zero. An ideal even-order Chebyshev
filter will have an insertion loss equal to the inband ripple value at the geometric
center frequency.
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BW {Freq. Units} |
Used with bandpass and bandstop filters. This is the calculated bandwidth (not
editable).
Bandwidth (BW) = UpperCutoff - LowerCutoff {Freq. Units}
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Q |
This is the filter "Quality" metric (not editable) and applies only to bandpass
and bandstop filters.
FilterQ = ((UpperCutoff + LowerCutoff) / 2) / (UpperCutoff - LowerCutoff)
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Filter NBW {Freq. Units} |
Noise bandwidth (NBW) is the bandwidth that an ideal (Brickwall) filter passing
the same amount of noise power would have. It is calculated using standard textbook
equations.
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NBW to Use {Freq. Units} |
This NBW value is the one actually used to calculate noise power in the system
cascade. You may use the calculated FilterNBW value or enter your own.
1E-12 <= NBW <= 1E12 {Freq. Units}
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Status |
Tests user-entered values necessary for proper calculations based on FilterPassType
and FilterX-ferFunction.
"fU" displayed if FilterPassType = Lowpass and UpperCutoff is not specified.
"fL" displayed if FilterPassType = Highpass and LowerCutoff is not specified.
"fL&fU" displayed if FilterPassType = Bandpass or Bandstop and LowerCutoff
and/or UpperCufoff is not specified.
"fL>fU" displayed if FilterPassType = Bandpass or Bandstop and LowerCutoff >=
UpperCufoff.
"PassType" if FilterPassType is not specified.
"XferType" if FilterX-ferType is not specified.
"N" if FilterX-ferType is Butterworth or Chebyshev and Order is not specified.
"R" if FilterX-ferType is Chebyshev and Ripple is not specified.
|
LO Frequency {Freq. Units} |
Local oscillator frequency for the up or down conversion.Only enter for stages
where you plan a frequency conversion.
0 <= fLO <= 1E12 {Freq. Units}
Only enter for stages where you plan a frequency conversion.
|
Sideband (L,U) |
Use the in-cell drop-down box for the following choices:
--- (no conversion) | Upper (LO + Input) | Lower (|LO - Input|)
Only enter for stages where you plan a frequency conversion.
|
Trial Input {Freq. Units} |
This value is used with the LO Frequency and Sideband entries to calculate the
upper and lower sideband frequencies, Trial USB and Trial LSB, respectively, to
provide an indication of where the sidebands will be.
0 <= Trial Input <= 1E12 {Freq. Units}
|
Trial USB {Freq. Units} |
Calculated frequency of the upper sideband (USB) based on LO Frequency and Trial
Input.
Trial USB = LO Frequency + Trial Input {Freq. Units}
|
Trial LSB {Freq. Units} |
Calculated frequency of the lower sideband (LSB) based on LO Frequency and Trial
Input.
Trial LSB = | LO Frequency - Trial Input | {Freq. Units}
|
Inversion test |
Indicates whether the specified inputs for LO Frequency, Sideband, and Trial
Input will result in a frequency inversion (aka spectrum inversion). If inversion
occurs, "Inversion" will be displayed in the stage's cell. See the RFCafe.com website
for more information on spectral inversion.
|
Output Inverted? |
No frequency inversion in any stage of the system, or an even number of stages
with a frequency inversion results in no frequency inversion at the output. Conversely,
an odd number of stages with a frequency inversion results in a frequency inversion
at the system output.
"Yes" indicates a net frequency inversion at the output.
"No" indicates no net frequency inversion at the output.
|
Status |
Checks to make sure that if an LO Frequency is specified, a Sideband is also
specified, and vice versa. A red "SB" or "LO" is placed in the cell, respectively,
as required.
|
Gain Nom {dB} |
Cumulative calculated nominal gain (GainNom) using each component's nominal Gain
value.
GainNom[N] = GainNom[N-1] + Gain[N]
|
Gain Max {dB} |
Cumulative calculated maximum gain (GainMax) using each component's Gain and
±Gain values.
GainMax[N] = GainMax[N-1] + Gain[n] + ±Gain[n]
Also adds gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Include VSWR Error" is set
to "Y."
|
Gain Min {dB} |
Cumulative calculated minimum gain (GainMin) using each component's Gain and
±Gain values.
GainMin[N] = GainMin[N-1] + Gain[n] - ±Gain[n]
Also subtracts gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Include VSWR Error" is
set to "Y."
|
Use Gain Max|Min for NF, OIP2, OIP3, and OP1dB Max|Min calcs? |
Calculated Max and Min values for NF, OIP2, OIP3, and OP1dB in RF Cascade Workbook
2018 (WSD) may by your choice use either just the GainNom values, OR the GainMax
and GainMin values as was done in RF Cascade Workbook 2018 (RFCW).
Using the GainMax and GainMin values calculates the absolute worst case values
for NF, OIP2, OIP3, and P1dB, but some people only want the results of the component
itself being at a Max or Min value rather than when every component in the system
is at the extreme edge of a tolerance.
Select "Yes" from the in-cell drop-down menu to use the GainMax and GainMin values.
Select "No" from the in-cell drop-down menu to use GainNom value.
|
NF Nom {dB} |
Cumulative calculated nominal noise figure (NFNom) using each component's nominal
NF value.
nfNom[N] = nfNom[N-1] + ( nf[n] / gain[N-1] )
NF[N] = 10 * log ( nf[N] ) {dB}
|
NF Max {dB} |
Cumulative calculated maximum noise figure (NFMax) using each component's NF
and ±NF values. Note that the nominal value of gain is used, not the min or max
value.
nfMax[N] = nfMax[N-1] + { (nf[n] + ±nf[n] ) / gain[N-1]
) }
NFMax[N] = 10 * log ( nfMax[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
NF Min {dB} |
Cumulative calculated minimum noise figure (NFMin) using each component's NF
and ±NF values. Note that the nominal value of gain is used, not the min or max
value.
nfMin[N] = nfMin[N-1] + { (nf[n] - ±nf[n] ) / gain[N-1]
) }
NFMin[N] = 10 * log ( nfMin[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
OIP2 Nom {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated nominal output 2nd-order intercept point (OIP2Nom) using
each component's nominal OIP2 value.
OIP2Nom[N] = 1 / OIP2[n] + 1 / ( OIP2Nom[N-1] *
gain[n] )
OIP2Nom[N] = -20 * log ( OIP2Nom[N] ) {dB}
|
OIP2 Max {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated maximum output 2nd-order intercept point (OIP2Max) using
each component's OIP2 and ±OIP2 values. Note that the nominal value of gain is used,
not the min or max value.
OIP2Max[N] = 1 / ( OIP2[n] + ±OIP2[n] ) + 1 / { OIP2Max[N-1]
* gain[n]}
OIP2Max[N] = -20 * log ( OIP2Max[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
OIP2 Min {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated minimum output 2nd-order intercept point (OIP2Min) using
each component's OIP2 and ±OIP2 values. Note that the nominal value of gain is used,
not the min or max value.
OIP2Min[N] = 1 / ( OIP2[n] - ±OIP2[n] ) + 1 / { OIP2Min[N-1]
* gain[n] }
OIP2Min[N] = -20 * log ( OIP2Min[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
OIP3 Nom {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated nominal output 3rd-order intercept point (OIP3Nom) using
each component's nominal OIP3 value.
OIP3Nom[N] = 1 / OIP3[n] + 1 / ( OIP3Nom[N-1] *
gain[n] )
OIP3Nom[N] = -10 * log ( OIP3Nom[N] ) {dB}
|
OIP3 Max {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated maximum output 3rd-order intercept point (OIP3Max) using
each component's OIP3 and ±OIP3 values. Note that the nominal value of gain is used,
not the min or max value.
OIP3Max[N] = 1 / ( OIP3[n] + ±OIP3[n] ) + 1 / { OIP3Max[N-1]
* gain[n] }
OIP3Max[N] = -10 * log ( OIP3Max[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
OIP3 Min {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated minimum output 3rd-order intercept point (OIP3Min) using
each component's OIP3 and ±OIP3 values.
OIP3Min[N] = 1 / ( OIP3[n] - ±OIP3[n] ) + 1 / { OIP3Min[N-1]
* gain[n] }
OIP3Min[N] = -10 * log ( OIP3Min[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
OP1dB Nom {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated nominal output 1 dB compression point (OP1dBNom) using
each component's nominal OP1dB value. Note that the nominal value of gain is used,
not the min or max value.
OP1dBNom[N] = 1 / OP1dB[n] + 1 / ( OP1dBNom[N-1] *
gain[n] )
OP1dBNom[N] = -10 * log ( OP1dBNom[N] ) {dB}
Note: This formula is similar to the cascaded IP3 formula and has been adopted
by the RF world as a good approximation to the cascaded P1dB value. A more accurate
result requires precise modeling of the nonlinear transition region of each device,
which is beyond the scope of RF Cascade Workbook 2018.
|
OP1dB Max {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated maximum output 1 dB compression point (OP1dBMax) using
each component's OP1dB and ±OP1dB values. Note that the nominal value of gain is
used, not the min or max value.
OP1dBMax[N] = 1 / ( OP1dB[n] + ±OP1dB[n] ) + 1 / { OP1dBMax[N-1]
* gain[n] }
OP1dBMax[N] = -10 * log ( OP1dBMax[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
OP1dB Min {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated minimum output 1 dB compression point (OP1dBMin) using
each component's OP1dB and ±OP1dB values. Note that the nominal value of gain is
used, not the min or max value.
OP1dBMin[N] = 1 / ( OP1dB[n] - ±OP1dB[n] ) + 1 / { OP1dBMin[N-1]
* gain[n] }
OP1dBMin[N] = -10 * log ( OP1dBMin[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
Pmax Limited {dBm} |
A conditional flag for the allowable Maximum output Power (Pmax) of the component.
It is used to alert you to an excess power condition.
The PmaxLimited[N] cascaded output power of each component is limited to Pmax[N].
If PmaxLimited[N-1] + GainNom[N] would result in output power >= Pmax[N], then
the new cascaded PmaxLimited[N] is set equal to Pmax[N]. Otherwise, the new PmaxLimited[N]
is equal to PmaxLimited[N-1] + GainNom[N].
It does NOT affect the linear Psig cascaded calculations (Nom, Max, Min).
This sets a system output power limit to what it would be if any component(s)
is(are) saturated at the output.
If the power output of a component using the GainNom[N] value would be >=
Pmax[N], a red "Pwr" will appear in the Status cell for the component to alert you
to the condition.
Note: Using a large value (e.g., 200) for unspecified components helps prevent
them from affecting the cascade calculation; however, the y-axis scale (set to Auto
by default) will squash to where smaller values cannot be distinguished. Set the
y-axis scale to a Maximum of whatever your highest expected Pmax value is to prevent
squashing.
Note: Nonlinearities are not modeled - this assumes linear operation right up
to the hard output power limit of each component.
|
Psig Nom {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated nominal signal power (PsigNom) using GainNom value.
PsigNom[N] = Pin + GainNom[N] {dBm}
Note: Assumes only linear operation; i.e., does not account for compression or
saturation in any component.
|
Psig Max {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated maximum signal power (PsigMax) using GainMax value.
PsigMax[N] = Pin + GainMax[N] {dBm}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
Note: Assumes only linear operation; i.e., does not account for compression or
saturation in any component.
|
Psig Min {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated minimum signal power (PsigMin) using GainMax value.
PsigMin[N] = Pin + GainMin[N] {dBm}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
Note: Assumes only linear operation; i.e., does not account for compression or
saturation in any component.
|
NBW (freq. units) |
Narrowest bandwidth from system input up through output of each component - no
fancy math.
If NBW[n] < NBW[N-1], then NBW[N] = NBW[n];
otherwise, NBW[N] = NBW[N-1].
|
Pnoise Nom {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated nominal noise power (PnoiseNom) in the noise bandwidth
(NBW) of each component.
PnoiseNom[N] = 10 * log (kTB) + GainNom[N] + NFNom[N] {dBm},
where
kTB = 1.380662E-23 * [273.15 + SystemTemp] * NBW[N] * 1E3
{dBm}
|
Pnoise Max {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated maximum noise power (PnoiseMax) in the noise bandwidth
(NBW) of each component.
PnoiseMax[N] = 10 * log (kTB) + GainMax[N] + NFMax[N] {dBm},
where
kTB = 1.380662E-23 * [273.15 + SystemTemp] * NBW[N] * 1E3
{dBm}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
Pnoise Min {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated minimum noise power (PnoiseMin) in the noise bandwidth
(NBW) of each component.
PnoiseMin[N] = 10 * log (kTB) + GainMin[N] + NFMin[N] {dBm},
where
kTB = 1.380662E-23 * [273.15 + SystemTemp] * NBW[N] * 1E3
{dBm}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
SNR Nom {dB} |
Cumulative calculated nominal signal-to-noise ratio (SNRNom) in the noise bandwidth
(NBW) of each component.
SNRNom[N] = PsigNom[N] - PnoiseNom[N] {dB}
|
SNR Max {dB} |
Cumulative calculated maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNRMax) in the noise bandwidth
(NBW) of each component.
SNRMax[N] = PsigMax[N] - PnoiseMin[N] {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
SNR Min {dB} |
Cumulative calculated minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNRMin) in the noise bandwidth
(NBW) of each component.
SNRMin[N] = PsigMin[N] - PnoiseMax[N] {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
CDR Nom {dB} |
Cumulative calculated nominal compression dynamic range (CDRNom) in the noise
bandwidth (NBW) of each component.
CDRNom[N] = P1dBNom[N] - PnoiseNom[N] - MinimumSNR {dB}
|
CDR Max {dB} |
Cumulative calculated maximum compression dynamic range (CDRMax) in the noise
bandwidth (NBW) of each component.
CDRMax[N] = P1dBMax[N] - PnoiseMin[N] - MinimumSNR {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
CDR Min {dB} |
Cumulative calculated minimum compression dynamic range (CDRMin) in the noise
bandwidth (NBW) of each component.
CDRMin[N] = P1dBMin[N] - PnoiseMax[N] - MinimumSNR {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
SFDR2 Nom {dB} |
Cumulative calculated nominal 2nd-order spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR2Nom).
SFDR2Nom[N] = 1/2 * ( OIP2Nom[N] - PnoiseNom[N] ) {dB}
|
SFDR2 Max {dB} |
Cumulative calculated maximum 2nd-order spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR2Max).
SFDR2Max[N] = 1/2 * ( OIP2Max[N] - PnoiseMin[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
SFDR2 Min {dB} |
Cumulative calculated minimum 2nd-order spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR2Min).
SFDR2Min[N] = 1/2 * ( OIP2Min[N] - PnoiseMax[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
IMD2 Nom {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated nominal 2nd-order intermodulation distortion product power
(IMD2Nom).
IMD2Nom[N] = PsigNom[N] - ( OIP2Nom[N] - PsigNom[N])
{dBm}
|
IMD2 Max {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated maximum 2nd-order intermodulation distortion product power
(IMD2Max).
IMD2Max[N] = PsigMax[N] - ( OIP2Min[N] - PsigMax[N] )
{dBm}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
IMD2 Min {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated minimum 2nd-order intermodulation distortion product power
(IMD2Min).
IMD2Min[N] = PsigMin[N] - ( OIP2Max[N] - PsigMin[N] )
{dBm}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
ΔIMD2 Nom {dB} |
Cumulative calculated nominal difference (ΔIMD2Nom) in power between IMD2Nom
and PsigNom.
ΔIMD2Nom[N] = PsigNom[N] - IMD2Nom[N] {dB}
|
ΔIMD2 Max {dB} |
Cumulative calculated maximum difference (ΔIMD2Max) in power between IMD2Min
and PsigMax.
ΔIMD2Max[N] = PsigMax[N] - IMD2Min[N] {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
ΔIMD2 Min {dB} |
Cumulative calculated minimum difference (ΔIMD2Min) in power between IMD2Max
and PsigMin.
ΔIMD2Min[N] = PsigMin[N] - IMD2Max[N] {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
SFDR3 Nom {dB} |
Cumulative calculated nominal 3rd-order spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR3Nom).
SFDR3Nom[N] = 2/3 * ( OIP3Nom[N] - PnoiseNom[N] ) {dB}
|
SFDR3 Max {dB} |
Cumulative calculated maximum 3rd-order spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR3Max).
SFDR3Max[N] = 2/3 * ( OIP3Max[N] - PnoiseMin[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
SFDR3 Min {dB} |
Cumulative calculated minimum 3rd-order spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR3Min).
SFDR3Min[N] = 2/3 * ( OIP3Min[N] - PnoiseMax[N] ) {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
IMD3 Nom {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated nominal 3rd-order intermodulation distortion product power
(IMD3Nom).
IMD3Nom[N] = PsigNom[N] - ( OIP3Nom[N] - PsigNom[N])
{dBm}
|
IMD3 Max {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated maximum 3rd-order intermodulation distortion product power
(IMD3Max).
IMD3Max[N] = PsigMax[N] - ( OIP3Min[N] - PsigMax[N] )
{dBm}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
IMD3 Min {dBm} |
Cumulative calculated minimum 3rd-order intermodulation distortion product power
(IMD3Min).
IMD3Min[N] = PsigMin[N] - ( OIP3Max[N] - PsigMin[N] )
{dBm}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
ΔIMD3 Nom{dB} |
Cumulative calculated nominal difference (ΔIMD3Nom) in power between IMD3Nom
and PsigNom.
ΔIMD3Nom[N] = PsigNom[N] - IMD3Nom[N] {dB}
|
ΔIMD3 Max {dB} |
Cumulative calculated maximum difference (ΔIMD3Max) in power between IMD3Min
and PsigMax.
ΔIMD3Max[N] = PsigMax[N] - IMD3Min[N] {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
ΔIMD3 Min {dB} |
Cumulative calculated minimum difference (ΔIMD3Min) in power between IMD3Min
and PsigMax.
ΔIMD3Min[N] = PsigMin[N] - IMD3Max[N] {dB}
Also includes gain variation due to VSWR mismatch if "Use VSWR" is set to "Y."
|
VSWR e {+dB} |
Positive (+) amplitude uncertainty due to VSWR mismatch (VSWRe+) between components
at the output of the current component, on a stage-by-stage basis.
VSWRe+[N] = 20 * log ( 1 + |gamma[n]| * |gamma[n+1]| )
{dB}
See cumulative VSWR mismatch error, which is the worst-case scenario where all
errors add up in phase.
|
VSWR e {-dB} |
Negative (-) amplitude uncertainty due to VSWR mismatch (VSWRe-) between components
at the output of the current component, on a stage-by-stage basis.
VSWRe+[N] = 20 * log ( 1 - |gamma[n]| * |gamma[n+1]| )
{dB}
See cumulative VSWR mismatch error, which is the worst-case scenario where all
errors add up in phase.
|
VSWR e Cum {+dB} |
Cumulative calculated positive (+) VSWR mismatch error (VSWReCum+).
VSWReCum+[N] = VSWReCum+[N-1] + VSWRe+[N] {dB}
Note: System input and output assumed to be a perfect impedance match, therefore
generating 0 dB amplitude error.
|
VSWR e Cum {-dB} |
Cumulative calculated negative (-) VSWR mismatch error (VSWReCum-).
VSWReCum-[N] = VSWReCum-[N-1] + VSWRe-[N] {dB}
Note: System input and output assumed to be a perfect impedance match, therefore
generating 0 dB amplitude error.
|
User Formulas 1 & 2 |
Enter a custom formula that references the "User Parameters" entered in the "Component
Parameter Specification Inputs (non frequency-dependent)" section ** and/or ** references
** any other cell(s) ** in the workbook - even the locked cells.
Resulting data is presented in the "User Parameters (non-frequency-dependent)"
chart.
It is up to you to properly input all data and equations to obtain valid results
since there is no way "Wireless Systems Designer" can decide what is valid.
|
Note: |
Values for both f1 through f176 and Psig1 through Psig176 are copied from the
"Mixer|LO Frequency Calculations" and "Filter & Mixer|LO Signal Power
Calculations" cells near the bottom of the worksheet. They are alternated here in
order to facilitate visualizing the one-to-one relationship between each frequency
and its resulting power level.
Frequency and power are calculated in separate groups near the bottom of the
worksheet because it makes selecting the data for charts easier by being able to
specify continuous ranges for the x- and y-axis rather than needing to individually
specify each cell as would ne necessary in the alternating frequency | power format.
Trust me on this, or try it for yourself.
|
f1 {FreqUnits} through f176 {FreqUnits} |
176 evenly spaced frequencies are calculated based on the Upper and Lower frequencies
specified in the "Analysis Frequencies" user input section.
175 intervals were chosen as a compromise in providing enough data points for
a meaningful frequency response plot and keeping the calculation time of the spreadsheet
fast.
These values are copied from the "Mixer|LO Frequency Calculations" section of
the worksheet.
|
Psig1 {dBm} through Psig176 {dBm} |
Rejection provided by the filter (if any) and Nominal gain (GainNom) are used
to calculate a frequency-dependent power level for each stage in the cascade.
These values are copied from the "Filter & Mixer|LO Signal Power Calculations"
section of the worksheet.
|
PS1-PS4 Voltage {V} |
Power supply voltages (PS1-PS4) to which a current requirement (in mA) may be
assigned for each component.
-10,000 <= PS1-PS4Voltage <= 10,000 {V}
|
PS1-PS4 Current {mA} |
Power supply currents (PS1-PS4Current) required from PS1, in milliamps (mA).
0 <= PS1-PS4Current <= 1,000,000 {mA}
|
PS1-PS4 Power {mW} |
Calculated powers (PS1-PS4Power) required from PS1, in milliwatts (mW).
PS1-PS4Power[N] = PS1-PS4Voltage[N] * PS1-PS4Current[N]
{mW}
|
Power Supply Totals |
Calculated sum of current and power of each power supply (PS1 - PS4).
Total PS1 Current = Σ ( PS1Current[1] + … + PS1Current[4] )
{mA}
Total PS2 Current = Σ ( PS2Current[1] + … + PS2Current[4] )
{mA}
Total PS3 Current = Σ ( PS3Current[1] + … + PS3Current[4] )
{mA}
Total PS4 Current = Σ ( PS4Current[1] + … + PS4Current[4] )
{mA}
Total PS1 Power = Σ ( PS1Power[1] + … + PS1Power[4] )
{mW}
Total PS2 Power = Σ ( PS2Power[1] + … + PS2Power[4] )
{mW}
Total PS1 Power = Σ ( PS3Power[1] + … + PS3Power[4] )
{mW}
Total PS1 Power = Σ ( PS4Power[1] + … + PS4Power[4] )
{mW}
|
Σ PS1-PS4 Power {mW} |
Calculated sum of all power supplies (ΣPS1Power - ΣPS4Power) for each component.
ΣPS1-PS4Power[N] = PS1Power[N] + PS2Power[N] + PS3Power[N] + PS4Power[N]
{mW}
|
Bill of Materials |
|
Description |
Verbose description of component. Text will wrap as needed. Use Alt+Enter (in
MS Windows) to force a line break within the cell.
|
Vendor |
Manufacturer and/or supplier of component. Text will wrap as needed. Use Alt+Enter
(on Windows) to force a line break within the cell.
|
Part Number |
Part number used to purchase the component. Text will wrap as needed. Use Alt+Enter
(on Windows) to force a line break within the cell.
|
Price |
Enter numerical value for cost. The total cost of all components is displayed
to the right of the last component stage.
0 <= Price[N] {monetary units}
Enter monetary units in the right-most cell.
|
Currency Unit |
Specify a currency unit.
|
Total Cost |
The sum of all component costs.
|
Size |
Manufacturer and/or supplier of component. Text will wrap as needed. Use Alt+Enter
(in MS Windows) to force a line break within the cell.
|
Weight |
Enter numerical value for weight. The total weight of all components is displayed
to the right of the last component stage.
0 <= Weight[N] {weight units}
Enter weight units in the right-most cell.
|
Total Weight |
The sum of all component weights.
|
Weight Unit |
Specify a unit of weight.
|
Delivery Date |
Expected date of availability. Text will wrap as needed. Use Alt+Enter (in MS
Windows) to force a line break within the cell.
|
Latest (Date) |
The latest date entered in all the Delivery Date cells is displayed here. This
gives an indication of the most critical component delivery date in the system.
|
Status |
Space for verbose notes. Text will wrap as needed. Use Alt+Enter (in MS Windows)
to force a line break within the cell.
|
f1 {FreqUnits} through f176 {FreqUnits} |
176 evenly spaced frequencies are calculated based on the Upper and Lower frequencies
specified in the "Analysis Frequencies" user input section.
175 intervals were chosen as a compromise in providing enough data points for
a meaningful frequency response plot and keeping the calculation time of the spreadsheet
fast.
In order to conveniently present frequency | signal power pairs next to each
other, these values and those calculated in the "Filter & Mixer|LO Signal Power
Calculations" section are copied INTO the "Calculated Filter & Frequency Conversion
Values (frequency dependent)" section of the worksheet.
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Psig1 {dBm} through Psig176 {dBm} |
Rejection provided by the filter (if any) and Nominal gain (GainNom) are used
to calculate a frequency-dependent power level for each stage in the cascade.
NOTE: A minimum power level of -250 dBm is used in the calculations, so if any
stage would produce less than -250 dBm, its value is adjusted to -250 dBm. Doing
so helps keep numbers realistic. This limit is coded into the VBA module and cannot
be changed.
In order to conveniently present frequency | signal power pairs next to each
other, these values and those calculated in the "Mixer|LO Frequency Calculations"
section are copied INTO the "Calculated Filter & Frequency Conversion Values
(frequency dependent)" section of the worksheet.
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