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Matching network for balanced RF inputs? - RF Cafe Forums
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MRW
Post subject: Matching network for balanced RF inputs? Posted:
Wed Jan 18, 2006 10:18 am
Captain
Joined: Wed Jan 18,
2006 9:46 am
Posts: 5
Location: Earth
Hi!
I am messing
around with the TEA5767 (FM receiver IC). I am trying to figure out
how they came up with the following matching network:
It's equivalent circuit looks like this:
In the application,
note it states that "the antenna-input signal is fed into the balanced
FM-RF inputs (pin 28 and pin 30) via a RF matching impedance circuit.
A series capacitor, two parallel capacitors and a coil (L1) build this
circuit.
Also, it states that the "TEA5767HN has an integrated
low noise amplifier (LNA). This is a balanced amplifier, which is less
sensitive for common mode noise, compared with a single ended LNA. The
input impedance of the LNA is (100 ohm || 4pF) each pin (referenced
to ground).
Any tips?
I tried designing the matching
network for 88 MHz, so I got 95.337 - j21.085 for my input impedance,
but I can't seem to get the values that they have using a 40ohm source.
Thanks!
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IR
Post subject: Posted: Wed
Jan 18, 2006 5:12 pm
Site Admin
Joined: Mon Jun 27,
2005 2:02 pm
Posts: 373
Location: Germany
Hello MRW,
The motivation of using a balanded LNA is due to the fact that FM
transmission is more susceptible to noise because of its larger BW.
To find out the values of the matching components for 88MHz, you
should first know the impedance of your antenna at this frequency.
It will help if would know the frequency used for these values.
If you will know the impedance of your antenna and thus the location
of it on the Smith Chart and you already know the input impedance to
the LNA inside the IC, you can easily simulate a matching circuit -
you even have the structure of the network already.
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Guest
Post subject:
Balanced inputPosted: Wed Jan 18, 2006 8:38 pm
The usual FM broadcast
antenna for portable receivers (which I believe is the target market
for the TEA5767) is a shortened dipole - less than a half-wave long.
This antenna will look (mostly) capacitive. If you assume that it looks
like j40 Ohms, you get close to 36 pF around 108 MHz. That 36 pF in
series with the 100 pF comes out to about 26 pF. 26 + 27 pF = 54 pF,
reasonably close to the 47 pF on the other side of ground in the tank.
So I don't think Philips had anything particularly technically
high-powered in mind here - just a tank resonant in the FM band, with
a center-tapped capacitor to do the conversion to balanced form.
Good Luck!
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Guest
Post subject: Posted:
Thu Jan 19, 2006 10:07 am
IR wrote:
To find out the values of
the matching components for 88MHz, you should first know the impedance
of your antenna at this frequency.
It will help if would know
the frequency used for these values. If you will know the impedance
of your antenna and thus the location of it on the Smith Chart and you
already know the input impedance to the LNA inside the IC, you can easily
simulate a matching circuit - you even have the structure of the network
already.
Thanks, IR! I was just assuming that the antenna
impedance would be just around 40 ohms since they said that it is a
40 ohm antenna. So I just tried to match the LNA input impedance to
40 ohms.
Also, I think my main confusion lies in the structure
of the matching network because it states that the two capacitors are
in parallel, but that would make the inductor a short (?).
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MRW
Post subject: Re: Balanced inputPosted: Thu
Jan 19, 2006 10:14 am
Captain
Joined: Wed Jan 18, 2006
9:46 am
Posts: 5
Location: Earth
Guest wrote:
The usual
FM broadcast antenna for portable receivers (which I believe is the
target market for the TEA5767) is a shortened dipole - less than a half-wave
long. This antenna will look (mostly) capacitive. If you assume that
it looks like j40 Ohms, you get close to 36 pF around 108 MHz. That
36 pF in series with the 100 pF comes out to about 26 pF. 26 + 27 pF
= 54 pF, reasonably close to the 47 pF on the other side of ground in
the tank.
So I don't think Philips had anything particularly
technically high-powered in mind here - just a tank resonant in the
FM band, with a center-tapped capacitor to do the conversion to balanced
form.
Good Luck!
Thanks, Guest! I am not quite that
familiar with antennas, so I just assumed the antenna would be just
40 ohm. I guess I'm still seeing matching networks matched to a 50ohm
source or load.
Does the 40ohms antenna impedance refer to the
impedance I need to use to normalize my other impedance values for use
on a Smith Chart?
Thanks!
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MRW
Post subject:
Re: Balanced inputPosted: Thu Jan 19, 2006 10:28 am
Captain
Joined: Wed Jan 18, 2006 9:46 am
Posts: 5
Location: Earth
Guest wrote:
.... That 36 pF in series with the 100 pF comes
out to about 26 pF. 26 + 27 pF = 54 pF, reasonably close to the 47 pF
on the other side of ground in the tank.
By the way, how
is 26pF in parallel with 27pF?
Thanks! I would like to understand
this matching configuration more.
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IR
Post subject:
Posted: Thu Jan 19, 2006 3:35 pm
Site Admin
Joined:
Mon Jun 27, 2005 2:02 pm
Posts: 373
Location: Germany
Hello
MRW,
It can be said that the capacitors are connected in parallel
from a DC point of view, because in DC the inductor is considered as
short.
From AC point of view there is a tank circuit for each of
the balanced inputs consisting from each capacitor and the inductor.
Hope this helps!
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- IR
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MRW
Post subject: Posted: Thu Jan
19, 2006 5:18 pm
Captain
Joined: Wed Jan 18, 2006 9:46
am
Posts: 5
Location: Earth
Thanks again, IR!
I'm still
trying to understand it more. I guess since I'm no expert, then I would
need to see the matching network design for the specific IC from scratch.
I also tried redrawing the matching network to see if I could get
a different perspective. But now I'm just stuck looking at it and the
ZY chart in an empty manner.
Redrawing matching network:
Frequency response of matching network from application notes:
My gratitudes to additional insight.
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IR
Post
subject: Posted: Thu Jan 19, 2006 6:09 pm
Site Admin
Joined: Mon Jun 27, 2005 2:02 pm
Posts: 373
Location: Germany
Hello MRW,
Your drawing is correct.
The output response
also makes sense: At the frequency of operation you have minimal insertion
loss, that means there is a good impedance matching between the IC's
LNA to the antenna. Out of the band the insertion loss decreases, which
means that the matching is degraded and that is exactly what you want
to achieve: A selective narrowband matching network which provides good
matching to the antenna only around the BW of operation.
You
can get more insight if you will view the Smith Chart or the return
loss graph.
Don't hesitate to ask, that is the best way to learn!
No one is born RF Engineer
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- IR
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Guest
Post subject: Posted: Thu
Jan 19, 2006 7:14 pm
The circuit is based on a transmission line
balun, where a half wave tx line is placed between RFin1 and RFin2.
This inverts the drive phase at RFin2 and parallels the individual single
ended impedances when looking into RFin1 and the line. This is what
gives the apparent transform by going from two impedances in series
to two in parallel. Your circuit minus the 100pf blocking cap is a lumped
approximation of a half wave tx line when all of the shunt caps are
accounted for.
The basic circuit is only meant to do a 4 to 1
transform. You can increase the transform by starving the DC blocking
cap and then playing with the other values. It is important to check
the common mode effects after doing this.
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Honza
Post subject: Posted: Fri Jan 20, 2006 2:28 am
Captain
Joined: Tue Dec 13, 2005 2:42 am
Posts: 5
Location: Czech
Rep.
...One thing is still confusing me. Why the manufacturer in
his datasheet uses balanced RF input for UNBALANCED antenna?
Someone of you mentioned that balanced input is used in order to minimize
common-mode noise. It make sense. But if you would like to minimize
the common-mode noise, you must have ALL the receive chain balanced?!
Isn't it? ...It's not sufficient to have just only a part of the chain
balanced! Am I right? ...Because unbalanced antenna (as it was said)
is less sensitive to the common-mode noise so it receives "a lot of"
"single-mode" noise and converts this noise into the common-mode noise.
So balanced RF input for unbalanced antenna is useless, am I right?
In other words by me it's useless to mix balanced and unbalanced
elements in one chain (looking on the immunity against noise and not
on matching).
What do you think about it?
Honza.
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MRW
Post subject: Posted: Wed Jan 25, 2006 12:12
pm
Captain
Joined: Wed Jan 18, 2006 9:46 am
Posts:
5
Location: Earth
Thanks, all! By the way, I'm curious about
the balance inputs of the LNA. What provides the 180 phase shift for
the RF signal? Does the matching network do this?
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malvinas2
Post subject: Posted: Fri Jan 27, 2006 5:14 am
MRW, I don't
know how to describe the matching network in analytical terms, but to
see the phase shift of 180° it would be sufficient to simulate it with
ADS or something like that. The difference in phase between S_RFI1 and
S_RFI2 will result in 180°.
BTW: Why do you choose 88 MHz ?
If FM band ranges from 88 to 106 MHz wouldn't it be better do choose
center frequency, 102 MHz ?
Posted
11/12/2012
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