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RF Cafe began life in 1996 as "RF Tools" in an AOL screen name web space totaling 2 MB. Its primary purpose was to provide me with ready access to commonly needed formulas and reference material while performing my work as an RF system and circuit design engineer. The World Wide Web (Internet) was largely an unknown entity at the time and bandwidth was a scarce commodity. Dial-up modems blazed along at 14.4 kbps while typing up your telephone line, and a nice lady's voice announced "You've Got Mail" when a new message arrived...

All trademarks, copyrights, patents, and other rights of ownership to images and text used on the RF Cafe website are hereby acknowledged.

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Box and Whisker Plot

The Box & Whisker plot is used to display variability and centering of processes, based on quartiles, in a variable output (y-axis) versus an attribute (x-axis) at one or more levels. See the example plot below.

Quartiles serve to rank-order the data and identify the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles.
The Interquartile (IQ) Range is equal to the range between the first and 3rd quartiles (Q3-Q1).
Whiskers are limited by a mathematical calculation.
The upper whisker can be no longer than:
Q3 + 1.5 (Q3-Q1).
The whisker line is drawn to the largest value in the data set below this calculated value. If there are data points above this value, they show up as asterisks to indicate they may be outliers.
The same is true for the lower whisker with a limit of Q1 - 1.5x (Q3 - Q1).
The whisker line is then drawn to the smallest value in the data set above this calculated value.

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