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Bell Labs - Germanium Refining May 1954 Radio &
Television News |
Bell Telephone Laboratories (Bell Labs),
having been responsible for creating the first positive amplification
point
contact transistor
just before Christmas 1947, continued to lead the way in semiconductor research
and new product announcements for many decades. This little tidbit was
tucked away at the bottom of page 120 in the May 1954 issue of Radio &
Television News magazine. It reported on "the purest substances in the
world" being created there in the form of 99.99999999% (aka 10N) pure germanium
crystals, which are used as seed for growing boules for device production.
That's one rogue impurity atom in ten billion germanium atoms. Modern
monocrystalline
silicon boules are typically 7N or better.
Bell Labs Germanium Refining
The purest substances in the world - 99.99999999 per-cent pure - are being made
at Bell Labs by means of a new and simple refining method developed there. These
substances have only one atom of impurity in ten billion atoms of the material -
about the same as a pinch of salt in 35 freight cars of sugar. The new process is
being used in refining germanium for transistors. W. G. Pfann, left, inventor of
the "zone-melting" process, is shown operating the equipment while J. H. Scaff holds
single crystal of purified germanium.
Posted June 4, 2020
Bell Telephone
Laboratories Infomercials |
-
Bell Telephone Laboratories - Time Domain Reflectometry - December 1948 Popular
Science
-
The Future Holds Great Promise - August 1949 Popular Science
-
Waveguide: 7/47 Popular Mechanics
-
Wire Wrapping - 10/1953 Popular Science
-
X-Rays, 4/60 Radio-electronics
- The Battle of
the Atoms, 4/1948 Radio News
-
The Transistor, 6/1952 Radio-Electronics
- 90-Mile Laboratory
for Telephone and Television, 6/1945 Radio News
-
Wire-Wrap, 10/53 Radio-Electronics
-
EDT Crystals, 10/47 Radio-Craft
- Germanium Refining,
5/54 Radio & TV News
- Crystal Timekeeping,
1/46 Radio News
- Transatlantic
Cable, 11/56 Radio & Television News
- Pipe Circuits,
11/48 Radio & Television News
-
Coaxial
Electron Tube, 6/54 Radio & Television News
- Thermocompression
Wire Bonding, 3/58 Radio News
-
Radio Relay Stations, 8/52 Radio & Television News
- Isolators,
6/56 Radio & Television News
- Punch
Cards, 3/55 Radio & Television News
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Over-the-Horizon
Communications, 10/55 Radio & Television News
- Memory
Devices, 2/58 Radio & TV News
-
Adventure in Silicon, 5/55 Radio & Television News
- Pipes of Progress,
6/55 Radio & Television News
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Project Echo, 11/60 Electronics World
|
-
Testing Phones - November 1947 Popular Science
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Jacques Bernoulli, February 1960 Radio-Electronics
-
Type-O Carrier System, October 1952 Radio-Electronics
-
Electron Microscope, 4/1952 Radio-Electronics
-
Thermistor, 11/1946 Radio-Craft
-
Germanium Crystal, 1/1954 Radio-Electronics
-
Lens
Antenna, 5/46 Radio-Craft
- Quality Control, 6/46
Radio News Article
- Transcontinental
Radio-Relay, 10/51 Radio & TV News
- Solar
Battery, 7/54 Radio & Television News
-
Germanium Transistors, 1/54 Radio & Television News
- Cavity
Magnetron, 10/45 Radio News
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The Cableman, 10/49 Radio & Television News
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Coaxial Cable, 12/49 Radio & Television News
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Tin
Whiskers, 12/55 Radio & Television News
- Relay
Contact Inspection, 7/55 Radio & Television News
- Transistor's
10th Anniversary, 6/58 Radio & Television News
-
Wire
Wrapping, 10/53 Radio & Television News
- Junction
Diode Amplifier, 11/58 Radio News
-
Nobel Prize Winners, 2/57 Radio & Television News
-
Diode Speeds Voices, 8/58 Popular Electronics
-
Microwave Relays, 7/59 Electronics World
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