Search RFCafe.com                           
      More Than 17,000 Unique Pages
Please support me by ADVERTISING!
Serving a Pleasant Blend of Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow™ Please Support My Advertisers!
   Formulas & Data
Electronics | RF
Mathematics
Mechanics | Physics
     AI-Generated
     Technical Data
Pioneers | Society
Companies | Parts
Principles | Assns


 About | Sitemap
Homepage Archive
        Resources
Articles, Forums Calculators, Radar
Magazines, Museum
Radio Service Data
Software, Videos
     Entertainment
Crosswords, Humor Cogitations, Podcast
Quotes, Quizzes
   Parts & Services
1000s of Listings
 Vintage Magazines
Electronics World
Popular Electronics
Radio & TV News
QST | Pop Science
Popular Mechanics
Radio-Craft
Radio-Electronics
Short Wave Craft
Electronics | OFA
Saturday Eve Post

Software: RF Cascade Workbook
RF Stencils Visio | RF Symbols Visio
RF Symbols Office | Cafe Press
Espresso Engineering Workbook

Aegis Power  |  Alliance Test
Centric RF  |  Empower RF
ISOTEC  |  Reactel  |  RFCT
San Fran Circuits

Exodus Advanced Communications Best in Class RF Amplifier SSPAs

Anatech Electronics RF Microwave Filters - RF Cafe

Please Support RF Cafe by purchasing my  ridiculously low-priced products, all of which I created.

RF Cascade Workbook for Excel

RF & Electronics Symbols for Visio

RF & Electronics Symbols for Office

RF & Electronics Stencils for Visio

RF Workbench

T-Shirts, Mugs, Cups, Ball Caps, Mouse Pads

These Are Available for Free

Espresso Engineering Workbook™

Smith Chart™ for Excel

Exodus Advanced Communications Best in Class RF Amplifier SSPAs - RF Cafe

Superconductor

The history of superconductors spans over a century and has led to significant advancements in the field of physics and technology. A superconductor is a material that exhibits zero electrical resistance and the expulsion of magnetic fields when it is cooled below a critical temperature. In other words, it can conduct electric current without any loss of energy due to resistance, and it can also expel magnetic fields from its interior. This phenomenon is known as superconductivity. Superconductors have numerous practical applications, including in the construction of powerful magnets for medical devices like MRI machines, high-speed electronic circuits, and potentially even in energy transmission and storage systems. Superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon that was first discovered in certain metals and has since been observed in various materials, including ceramics and some specialized compounds.

Discovery of Superconductivity (1911):

Superconductivity was first discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, a Dutch physicist, in 1911. He was conducting experiments to liquefy helium when he observed that the electrical resistance of mercury dropped to zero at temperatures below 4.2 Kelvin (-268.95°C or -452.11°F).

Early Discoveries and Research (1911-1930s):

Researchers like John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and Robert Schrieffer developed the BCS theory of superconductivity in 1957, which explained the behavior of conventional (low-temperature) superconductors. This theory is still widely accepted today. During this time, several superconducting materials were discovered, including lead, niobium, and tin.

Liquid Helium Era (1950s-1960s):

The early era of superconductivity research mainly focused on low-temperature superconductors that required liquid helium for cooling. This limited their practical applications due to the high cost and difficulty of maintaining such low temperatures.

High-Temperature Superconductors (1986):

A major breakthrough came in 1986 when IBM researchers Georg Bednorz and K. Alex Müller discovered a new class of superconductors that exhibited superconductivity at significantly higher temperatures. Their discovery involved copper oxides, specifically La-Ba-Cu-O compounds, which became known as "high-temperature superconductors." These materials could operate at temperatures above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (-196°C or -321°F), making them more practical for various applications.

Further Research and Applications:

High-temperature superconductors sparked intense research, leading to the discovery of various other families of materials with similar properties. Superconductors found applications in various fields, including medical imaging (MRI machines), particle accelerators, power transmission, and more. Researchers continued to work on increasing the critical temperatures (Tc) of superconductors, as well as developing practical methods for producing and using them.

Iron-Based Superconductors:

In 2008, a new class of superconductors called "iron-based superconductors" was discovered. These materials also exhibit superconductivity at relatively high temperatures, although not as high as some high-temperature cuprate superconductors.


This content was generated by the ChatGPT artificial intelligence (AI) engine. Some review was performed to help detect and correct any inaccuracies; however, you are encouraged to verify the information yourself if it will be used for critical applications. In some cases, multiple solicitations to ChatGPT were used to assimilate final content. Images and external hyperlinks have also been added occasionally. Courts have ruled that AI-generated content is not subject to copyright restrictions, but since I modify them, everything here is protected by RF Cafe copyright. Your use of this data implies an agreement to hold totally harmless Kirt Blattenberger, RF Cafe, and any and all of its assigns. Thank you. Here are the major categories.

Electronics & High Tech Companies | Electronics & Tech Publications | Electronics & Tech Pioneers | Electronics & Tech Principles | Tech Standards Groups & Industry Associations | Societal Influences on Technology

Exodus Advanced Communications Best in Class RF Amplifier SSPAs - RF Cafe
ConductRF Phased Matched RF Cables - RF Cafe

LadyBug RF Power Sensors

Crane Aerospace Electronics Microwave Solutions