Electronics Pioneers & History
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 Samuel Hunter Christie was an English mathematician and physicist who is best
known for his work in the field of electricity and magnetism, particularly for
his invention of the Wheatstone bridge circuit. He was born on May 8, 1784, in
London, England, and died on January 24, 1865, in Willesden, England.
Christie began his career as a civil engineer, but later became interested in
mathematics and physics. In the early 1820s, he began conducting experiments on
the electrical properties of metals and developed a method for measuring the
resistance of wires using a sensitive galvanometer.
In 1833, Christie invented a circuit for measuring the resistance of wires
that used a combination of known and unknown resistances, which he called a
"differential resistance measurer." This circuit was later improved upon by
Charles Wheatstone and became known as the Wheatstone bridge circuit.
Christie also made important contributions to the study of magnetism. In
1826, he discovered the phenomenon of diamagnetism, which occurs when a material
is repelled by a magnetic field. He also developed a method for measuring the
magnetic properties of materials using a torsion balance, which he described in
a paper published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in
1833.
In addition to his scientific work, Christie served as a member of the Royal
Society and was appointed as the superintendent of the meteorological department
of the Board of Trade in 1854. He was also an accomplished linguist and
translator, and published several works on the grammar and literature of ancient
and modern languages.
Christie's contributions to the field of electricity and magnetism helped
pave the way for future advances in the field of electrical engineering, and his
invention of the Wheatstone bridge circuit remains an important tool for
measuring electrical resistance to this day.
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