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If you believe this
1953 advertisement in Radio & Television News magazine, engineering
at Bell Telephone Laboratories invented the wire-wrapping process. A little additional
research shows that indeed it was a Bell Telephone engineering team led by
Arthur Keller who developed
the method and a wire-wrap tool to do the job. Field technician needed a fast, durable,
and reliable electrical connection when making hundreds or thousands of splices
at relay stations and while up on telephone poles. The key to making a good wire-wrap
connection is sharp corners on the wrapping post so that the corner pushes through
any oxidation or contaminant on the bare wire. NASA and the Department of Defense
(DoD) have exacting workmanship standards to guarantee a rugged, durable electrical
connection with low resistance, and imperviousness to contamination. In fact, properly
formed wire-wrap connections are considered to be gas-tight. This same ad ran in
a blitz in the October 1953 issues of
Radio &
Television News,
Radio-Electronics and
Popular Science. See NASA's "Discrete Wiring Solderless Wrapped Electrical Connections - Wire-Wrap"
for more information.
A 1958 ad told of Bell Labs' development of
thermocompression
wire bonding.
Bell Telephone Laboratories Advertisement
 A New Twist in Telephony
A solderless connection, enlarged 15 times. Connections are more uniform than
soldered ones and only half as bulky.
For years the accepted way to connect wires to telephone apparatus was with solder.
Now, Bell Laboratories engineers have discovered how to make connections faster
and better - without solder.
Solder, they reasoned, wouldn't be needed if wire and terminal could be kept
tightly pressed together. But, for economy, this had to be done with the wire alone
- without complicating screws and springs.
They found the answer in using a properly dimensioned terminal with sharp edges
... whipping the wire around it under high tension. The terminal bites into the
wire, locking it securely into position. Thereafter the squeezed edges maintain
a contact pressure of at least 15,000 pounds per square inch - even under vibration
that cracks soldered joints.
The new connections can be made in half the time - a big money-saver in the billion
connections that Western Electric makes each year for the Bell System. It's another
example of the way Bell Telephone Laboratories works continually to keep costs low.
Bell Telephone LaboratoriesImproving Telephone Service for America
Provides Careers for Creative Men in Mechanical Engineering
Cross section of solderless connection. Note terminal biting into wire. In a
six-turn connection there are at least 20 clean contact areas impervious to moisture
and corrosive gases, offering current a low resistance path.
Power tool whips wire on terminal in fraction of a second. There is no heat which
could damage miniature components ... no dropped solder or wire clippings to cause
trouble later.
| Bell Telephone
Laboratories Infomercials |
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